Time to Tango: Expertise and contextual anticipation during action observation.
| Autores | Amoruso L, Sedeño L, Huepe D, Tomio A, Kamienkowsky J, Hurtado E, Cardona JF, Alvarez-González MA, Reiznik A,Sigman M, Manes F, Ibanez A. |
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| Año | 2014 |
| Journal | Amoruso L, Sedeño L, Huepe D, Tomio A, Kamienkowsky J, Hurtado E, Cardona JF, Alvarez-González MA, Reiznik A,Sigman M, Manes F, Ibanez A. |
| Volumen | 98:366-85 |
| Abstract | Predictive theories of action observation propose that we use our own motor system as a guide for anticipating and understanding other people‟s actions through the generation of context-based expectations. According to this view, people should be better in predicting and interpreting those actions that are present in their own motor repertoire compared to those that are not. We recorded high-density event-related potentials (ERPs: P300, N400 and Slow Wave, SW) and source estimation in 80 subjects separated by their level of expertise (experts, beginners and naïves) as they observed realistic videos of Tango steps with different degrees of execution correctness. We also performed path analysis to infer causal relationships between ongoing anticipatory brain activity, evoked semantic responses, expertise measures and behavioral performance. We found that anticipatory justify activity, with sources in a fronto-parieto-occipital network, early discriminated between groups according to their level of expertise. Furthermore, this early activity significantly predicted subsequent semantic integration indexed by semantic responses (N400 and SW, sourced in temporal and motor regions) which also predicted motor expertise. In addition, motor expertise was a good predictor of behavioral performance. Our results show that neural and temporal dynamics underlying contextual action anticipation and comprehension can be interpreted in terms of successive levels of contextual prediction that are significantly modulated by subject‟s prior experience. |
| Otra información | En este estudio del LPEN-INECO se observó qué ocurre en el cerebro de los tangueros, lo que nos enseña sobre el impacto de la plasticidad y la experiencia. Se estudió la observación de videos de pasos de tango argentino por parte de bailares de tango con diferente grado de experticia (expertos, principiantes y novatos) mientras se registraba la actividad cerebral. Encontramos que 1) Ãnicamente los expertos (las redes frontales de sus cerebros) anticipan si la pareja de baile va a realizar un error (grueso o sutil) antes de que efectivamente lo hagan; 2) La actividad cerebral (fronto-temporal) de los expertos (en comparación con principiantes y novatos) procesó las pasos de baile de forma similar a como se procesa el lenguaje.; 3) Finalmente, solo la actividad fronto-temporal del cerebro bastó para distinguir si un participante era un experto, un principiante o un novato. Este estudio demuestra así que el entrenamiento sostenido aumenta la capacidad predictiva de nuestro cerebro (mediante la anticipación contextual basada en la experiencia) y la forma en este procesa el significado de las acciones. |