Thanks to the deep and complex community life of the human beings, some cognitive functions necessary for establishing and maintaining healthy social interactions have arisen. The ability to judge what is morally correct from what is morally incorrect is perhaps one of the most complex cognitive functions, not only because it requires relying on a great amount of sophisticated cognitive processes, but because it is closely related to the field of philosophy and aetiology.

However, being able to study how our brain judges actions with a moral attribute can allow us to understand fundamental aspects of brain organization necessary for functioning in society, as well as to elucidate core matters of the evolution of some psychiatric and neurological diseases where moral cognition does not respond to expected patterns.

Within this line, we explore how various cognitive functions, such as empathy and the theory of mind, interact to allow us to make judgments of moral dilemmas. Likewise, the possible neural bases of some processes that have typically been the exclusive domain of philosophical study, such as utilitarian and deontological behaviors, are investigated under this line in an effort to cross the knowledge of diverse fields of study that allow us to elucidate the central axes of morality.