Stop Saying That It Is Wrong! Psychophysiological, Cognitive, and Metacognitive Markers of Children’s Sensitivity to Punishment.
| Autores | Gonzalez-Gadea ML, Scheres A, Tobon CA, Damm J, Baez S, Huepe D, Marino J, Marder S, Manes F, Abrevaya S, Ibanez A. |
|---|---|
| Año | 2015 |
| Journal | PLoS One |
| Volumen | 28;10(7):e0133683 |
| Abstract | eurodevelopmental evidence suggests that children’s main decision-making strategy is to avoid options likely to induce punishment. However, the cognitive and affective factors contributing to children’s avoidance to high punishment frequency remain unknown. The present study explored psychophysiological, cognitive, and metacognitive processes associated with sensitivity to punishment frequency. We evaluated 54 participants (between 8 and 15 years old) with a modified Iowa Gambling Task for children (IGT-C) which included options with varying long-term profit and punishment frequencies. Skin conductance responses (SCRs) were recorded during this task. Additionally, we assessed IGT-C metacognitive knowledge, fluid intelligence, and executive functions. Participants exhibited behavioral avoidance and high anticipatory SCRs to options with high frequency of punishment. Moreover, age, IGT-C metacognitive knowledge, and inhibitory control were associated with individual differences in sensitivity to punishment frequency. Our results suggest that children’s preference for infrequently punished decisions is partially explained by psychophysiological signals as well as task complexity and development of cognitive control. |
| Otra información | El desarrollo de la toma de decisiones de los niños pareciera estar basado en la evitación de opciones que inducen castigo/pérdida. El presente estudio exploró las bases fisiológicas, cognitivas y metacognitivas de la toma de decisiones y la sensibilidad a la frecuencia de castigo con un Iowa Gambling Task modificado para los niños (8-15 años) midiendo variables fisiológicas. Los niños exhibieron evitación conductual y respuestas fisiológicas anticipatorias a opciones con alta frecuencia de castigo. La edad, la capacidad metacognitiva y el control inhibitorio predijeron el grado de la sensibilidad a la frecuencia de castigo. |